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Employment by status in employment and sex

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Field for searching for a specific value in the list box. This is examples of values you can search for.Total employment status , Employees , Employers ,

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Source: UNECE Statistical Database, compiled from national and international (Eurostat and ILO) official sources.

Definition:
The status of employment is defined with reference to the distinction between 'paid employment' and 'self-employment' jobs. Workers holding paid-employment jobs have explicit (written or oral) or implicit employment contracts which give them a basic remuneration which is not directly dependent upon the revenue of the unit for which they work. Self-employment jobs are jobs where the remuneration is directly dependent upon the profits derived from the goods and services produced.
Employees are all the workers who hold paid employment jobs.
Employers are workers who hold self-employment jobs and have engaged, on a continuous basis, one or more persons to work for them in their business as employees.
Own-account workers are workers who hold self-employment jobs and have not engaged, on a continuous basis, any employees to work for them during the reference period.
Members of producers cooperatives are workers who hold self-employment jobs in a cooperative producing goods and services, in which each member takes part on an equal footing with other members in determining the organisation of production, sales and/or other work of the establishment, the investments and the distribution of the proceeds of the establishment amongst their members.
Family workers are workers who hold self-employment jobs in a market-oriented establishment operated by a related person living in the same household.
For additional information, see the International Classification of Status in Employment (ICSE-93).

General note: Data come from the Labour Force Survey (LFS) unless otherwise specified. Data from the LFS and from population censuses normally comply with the definition above.

Country: Austria

1980-1990 : data refer to national definition (Life Subsistence Concept).
1980 : data on employers include own-account workers and family workers. 1990 : data on employers include own-account workers.

Country: Azerbaijan

Data are based on Population Census and administrative registers.

Country: Belarus

Break in methodlogy (2000): Data refer to 1999 Population Census.

Country: Belarus

2009: data are from the Population Census. Parts do not equal the totals due to employed persons not indicated their status in employment.

Country: Belgium

1980 : data refer to 1983.

Country: Bosnia and Herzegovina

Estimates for family workers are less reliable in 2014-2015.

Country: Bulgaria

1990 : data refer to 1993.
Data on own-account workers include members of producers cooperatives.

Country: Croatia

1995 : data refer to 1996.

Country: Cyprus

Data cover only the area controlled by the Republic of Cyprus.
1990 : data refer to 1992.

Country: Czechia

From 2002 : data on own-account workers include members of producers cooperatives.

Country: Denmark

1980 : data refer to 1983; data on employers include own-account workers.

Country: Estonia

Data on employers and own-account workers include members of producers cooperatives.
1990-1995 : data refer to the population aged 15-69. From 2000 : data refer to the population aged 15-74.

Country: Finland

1980-1995 : data on employers include own-account workers.

Country: France

Data do not cover overseas departments (DOM).
1980 : data refer to 1983.

Country: Germany

1980 : data refer to 1983.

Country: Greece

1980 : data refer to 1983.

Country: Iceland

1990 : data refer to 1991.

Country: Ireland

1980 : data refer to 1983.

Country: Israel

1990: data refer to 1992.
1998, 2001: methodology revised, data not strictly comparable.

Country: Latvia

1995 : data refer to 1996.

Country: Lithuania

1995 : data refer to 1997.
Data on employers include own-account workers.

Country: Netherlands

1980 : data refer to 1983.
1980-2001 : data on employers include own-account workers and members of producers cooperatives.

Country: Norway

1980-2001 : data on employers include own-account workers and members of producers cooperatives.

Country: Poland

1990 : data refer to 1992.

Country: Republic of Moldova

Break in methodology (2019): From 2019 LFS is carried out on a new sampling plan.
Break in methodology (2014-2018): Data for 2014-2018 were recalculated based on usual resident population.
Reference period (2000-2013): Data were estimated using the number of resident population

Country: Romania

1995: data refer to population aged 14+.

Country: Russian Federation

Data refer to population aged 15-72.

Country: Serbia

Data do not cover Kosovo and Metohija.

Country: Spain

Data refer to population aged 16+.
2005: methodology revised, data not strictly comparable.

Country: Switzerland

1990 : data refer to 1991.

Country: Turkiye

2000: data revision based on Population Census 2000

Country: Ukraine

Data do not cover the persons who are still living in the area of Chernobyl contaminated with radioactive material.
Data do not cover the persons who are living in institutions and those who are working in the army.
Data refer to the population aged 15-70.

Country: United Kingdom

1980 : data refer to 1983.

Country: United States

Data on employers include own-account workers.
Data refer to population aged 16+.
1994: methodology revised, data not strictly comparable