Concepts, definitions and classifications
The UNECE secretariat presents time series ready for immediate analysis. When appropriate, source segments with methodological differences have been linked, by concatenation or rescaling, to build long consistent time series.
Common currency (US$) estimates are computed by the secretariat using the exchange rates.
Regional aggregates are computed by the secretariat (see list).
Industrial Production Index (source OECD): is an index covering production in mining, manufacturing and public utilities (electricity, gas and water), but excluding construction.
The exact coverage, the weighting system and the methods of calculation vary from country to country but the divergences are less important than e.g. in the case of the price and the wage indices.
Wages and salaries: are defined as the total remuneration, in cash or in kind, payable to all persons counted on the payroll, in return for work done during the accounting period.
In the ECESDB the data refer to Average monthly gross wage.
Average monthly gross wage covers all earned incomes (basic wages and salaries, payments additional to wage or salary, direct remuneration and bonuses, payments for days not worked, remuneration for being on call to work, and other wage or salary components) all charged to be paid to employees for the related period.
The data are based usually on a sample surveys - monthly, quarterly and annual.
There are different types of wages statistics - per hour, per day, per week, per month, per year; gross, net, real.
Information on compilation methods and practices in individual countries can be found in the IMFs Special Data Dissemination Standards (SDDS) available on the Internet at IMFs Special Data Dissemination Standards (SDDS)
Albania; Armenia; Austria; Azerbaijan; Belarus; Belgium; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Bulgaria; Canada; Croatia; Cyprus; Czech Republic; Denmark; Estonia; Finland; France; Georgia; Germany; Greece; Hungary; Iceland; Ireland; Israel; Italy; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Latvia; Lithuania; Luxembourg; Malta; Montenegro; Moldova; Netherlands; Norway; Poland; Portugal; Romania; Russian Federation; Serbia; Serbia and Montenegro; Slovakia; Slovenia; Spain; Sweden; Switzerland; Tajikistan; The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia; Turkey; Turkmenistan; Ukraine; United Kingdom; United States; Uzbekistan
Currency: Albanian lek (ALL)
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Currency: Armenian dram (AMD), replaced the Soviet rouble at 1:200 in 1993. All data are expressed in the latest currency units.
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Currency: euro (€)
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Currency: Azerbaijanian manat (AZM)
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Currency: Belarusian rouble (BYR), redenominated at 1:10 in 1994 and again at 1:1000 in 2000. All data are expressed in the latest currency units.
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Currency: euro (€)
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Geographical coverage: GDP and population cover the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Republika Srpska; other indicators refer to the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina only.
Currency: Bosnia and Herzegovina, convertible marka (BAM)
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Industrial Production Index: monthly and quarterly indices are adjusted for differences in number of working days.
Currency: Bulgarian leva (BGL), redenominated at 1:1000 in 1999. All data are expressed in the latest currency units.
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Currency: Canadian dollar (CAD).
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Industrial Production Index: monthly and quarterly indices are adjusted for differences in number of working days.
Currency: Croatian kuna (HRK), replaced the Croat dinar at 1:1000 in 1994. All data are expressed in the latest currency units.
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Industrial Production Index: monthly and quarterly indices are adjusted for differences in number of working days.
Currency: Cypriot pound (CYP).
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Currency: Czech koruna (CZK)
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Currency: Danish krone (DKK).
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Industrial Production Index: monthly and quarterly indices are adjusted for differences in number of working days.
Currency: Estonian kroon (EEK), replaced the Soviet rouble in 1992 with a peg to the deutsche mark (8:1). All data are expressed in the latest currency units.
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Currency: euro (€)
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Currency: euro (€)
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Geographical coverage: excludes Abkhazia and South Ossetia (Tshinvali) from 1993.
Currency: Georgian lari (GEL), replaced the lari-kupon at 1: 1000000 in 1995. All data are expressed in the latest currency units.
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Geographical coverage: the statistics for Germany refer to Germany after unification. Official data for Germany after unification are available only from 1991 onwards. In order to provide users with long historical time series, the secretariat has estimated data for the whole of Germany back to 1970 by linking in 1991 the data for Germany to historical data for West Germany according to SNA 1993 published in July 2002 by the Statistisches Bundesamt.
Currency: euro (€)
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Currency: euro (€)
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Currency: Hungarian forint (HUF)
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Currency: Iceland krona (ISK).
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Currency: euro (€)
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Currency: New shekel (ILS).
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Currency: euro (€)
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Currency: Kazakh tenge (KZT ), replaced the Soviet rouble at 1: 500 in 1992. All data are expressed in the latest currency units.
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Currency: Kyrgyz som (KGS)
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Industrial Production Index: monthly and quarterly indices are adjusted for differences in number of working days.
Currency: Latvian lat (LVL), replaced Latvian rouble at 1:200 in 1993. All data are expressed in the latest currency units.
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Industrial Production Index: monthly and quarterly indices are adjusted for differences in number of working days.
Currency: Lithuanian litas (LTL), replaced talonas at 1:100 in 1993. All data are expressed in the latest currency units.
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Currency: euro (€)
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Currency: Maltese lira (MTL).
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Geographical coverage: excludes Transdniestria since 1993.
Currency: Moldovan leu (MDL)
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Currency: euro (€)
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Currency: euro (€)
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Currency: Norvegian krone (NOK).
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Currency: Polish zloty (PLZ), redenominated at 1:10000 in 1995. All data are expressed in the latest currency units.
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Currency: euro (€)
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Industrial Production Index: monthly and quarterly indices are adjusted for differences in number of working days.
Currency: Romanian leu (ROL)
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Currency: Russian rouble (RUB), redenominated at 1:1000 in 1998. All data are expressed in the latest currency units.
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Geographical coverage: from 1999, excludes Kosovo and Metohia.
Currency: Serbia new dinar (CSD)
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Data for 'Serbia and Montenegro' are historical and no longer updated. Data for 'Serbia' and 'Montenegro' are regularly updated and reviewed and may therefore not be consistent with the historical series for 'Serbia and Montenegro'
Geographical coverage: from 1999, excludes Kosovo and Metohia; from 2003 GDP and balance of payments cover Serbia only.
Currency: Serbia and Montenegro, new dinar (CSD)
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Currency: Slovak koruna (SKK)
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Currency: euro (€)
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Currency: euro (€)
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Currency: Swedish krona (SEK).
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Industrial Production Index: monthly indices are adjusted for differences in number of working days.
Currency: Swiss franc (CHF).
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Currency: Tajik somoni (TJS), replaced the Tajik rouble at 1:1000 in 2000. The Tajik rouble replaced the Soviet rouble at 1:100 in 1994. All data are expressed in the latest currency units.
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Currency: Macedonian denar (MKD), replaced the Yugoslav dinar at 1:1 in 1992, redenominated at 1:100 in 1993. All data are expressed in the latest currency units.
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Currency: New Turkish lira (TRY); since 1 January 2005, the Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey introduced the New Turkish Lira (TRY) to replace the Turkish Lira (TRL), with one TRY being equivalent to one million TRLs. All data are expressed in the latest currency units.
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Currency: Turkmen manat (TMM), replaced the Soviet rouble at 1:500 in 1993. All data are expressed in the latest currency units.
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Currency: Ukrainian hryvnia (UAH), replaced the former karbovanets at 1:100000 in 1996. All data are expressed in the latest currency units.
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Currency: British pound (GBP).
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Currency: United States dollar (USD).
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Currency: Uzbekistani sum (UZS), replaced the Soviet rouble at 1:1000 in 1993. All data are expressed in the latest currency units.
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