GERMANY

Capital Berlin
Area (km2) 357 030
Total population (thousands, 2023) 83 287
Population density (per km2) 233
National currency Euro (EUR)
National statistical office www.destatis.de
Federal Statistical Office (DESTATIS)
Women in the labour force, 2024
   percentage of total for both sexes 47%
Gender pay gap
   monthly earnings, 2022 15%
   hourly wage, 2023 18%
Women in part-time employment, 2024
   percentage of employed women 50%
Female tertiary students, 2022
   percentage of total for both sexes 50%
Female victims of homicide, 2021
   percentage of total for both sexes 45%
Women researchers, 2021
   percentage of total for both sexes 29%
Life expectancy at birth, 2023
   females, years 83.5
   males, years 78.7
Life expectancy at 65, 2023
   females, years 21.2
   males, years 17.9
Total fertility rate, 2023
   average number of children per woman 1.4
Adolescent fertility rate, 2023
   number of live births per 1000 women aged 15-19 5.7
Mean age of women at birth of first child, 2023
   age in years 29.8
 
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
Employment
 (% change over previous year)
-0.7
0.2
1.3
0.7
0.1
0.0
Unemployment rate
 (%)
3.6
3.6
3.1
3.1
3.4
..
Youth unemployment rate
 (%)
7.1
7.0
6.0
5.9
6.5
..
GDP
   current prices, millions of US dollars, PPP, 2024 6 071 104
GDP, per capita
   current prices, US dollars, PPP, 2024 72 693
Exports of goods and services
   % of GDP, 2025 40.5
Imports of goods and services
   % of GDP, 2025 38.0
Final consumption expenditure, per capita
   current prices, US dollars, PPP, 2024 54 319
Purchasing Power Parity (PPP)
   EUR per USD, US=1, 2024 0.713
Forest resources
   Area of forest
 (percentage of land area, 2015)
 33
   Wood volume
 (m3 per inhabitant, 2015)
 45

value: 100%

sector:

value: 100%

sector:

Transport infrastructure, road accidents and traffic
   Railways
      total length in kilometres, 2024 38 855
   Motorways
      total length in kilometres, 2023 13 210
   Persons injured in road accidents
      per million inhabitants, 2023 4 401
   Persons killed in road accidents
      per million inhabitants, 2023 34
   Traffic, railways
      million passenger-kilometres, 2021 56 020
      million tonne-kilometres, 2024 126 320
   Traffic, roads
      million passenger-kilometres, 2023 943 834
      million tonne-kilometres, 2024 280 839