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Unemployment Rate by Country and Year

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Source: UNECE Statistical Database, compiled from national and international (EUROSTAT, OECD, CIS) official sources.

Definition: The unemployment rate is the share (in per cent) of the unemployed in the labour force.

Unemployment data provided in this table may differ from unemployment data provided in Gender Statistics, due to the use of different sources.

General note: Data come from the Labour Force Survey (LFS), unless otherwise specified in country footnotes.
The UNECE secretariat presents time series ready for immediate analysis. When appropriate, source segments with methodological differences have been linked or rescaled to build long consistent time series. As a result, figures presented in this table may differ from those published by National Statistical Offices.

Regional aggregates are computed by the secretariat. Unemployment rates are the ratios of unemployed persons to labour force in the region.

Aggregates are computed for the following regions:

UNECE-52:
Albania; Armenia; Austria; Azerbaijan; Belarus; Belgium; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Bulgaria; Canada; Croatia; Cyprus; Czech Republic; Denmark; Estonia; Finland; France; Georgia; Germany; Greece; Hungary; Iceland; Ireland; Israel; Italy; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Latvia; Lithuania; Luxembourg; Malta; Montenegro; Netherlands; North Macedonia; Norway; Poland; Portugal; Republic of Moldova; Romania; Russian Federation; Serbia; Slovakia; Slovenia; Spain; Sweden; Switzerland; Tajikistan; Turkey; Turkmenistan; Ukraine; United Kingdom; United States; Uzbekistan.

North America-2:
Canada; United States.

European Union-27 (31/12/2020):
Austria; Belgium; Bulgaria; Cyprus; Croatia; Czech Republic; Denmark; Estonia; Finland; France; Germany; Greece; Hungary; Ireland; Italy; Latvia; Lithuania; Luxembourg; Malta; Netherlands; Poland; Portugal; Romania; Slovakia; Slovenia; Spain; Sweden.

Euro area-20:
Austria; Belgium; Croatia; Cyprus; Estonia; Finland; France; Germany; Greece; Ireland; Italy; Latvia; Lithuania; Luxembourg; Malta; Netherlands; Portugal; Slovakia; Slovenia; Spain.

Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia (EECCA):
Armenia; Azerbaijan; Belarus; Georgia; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Republic of Moldova; Russian Federation; Tajikistan; Turkmenistan; Ukraine; Uzbekistan.

CIS-11:
Armenia; Azerbaijan; Belarus; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Republic of Moldova; Russian Federation; Tajikistan; Turkmenistan; Ukraine; Uzbekistan.

Western Balkans-6:
Albania; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Croatia; Montenegro; North Macedonia; Serbia.


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The Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic impacts the production of statistics and may limit available resources and data sources. This may impact the quality of statistics for 2020, and could lead to later revisions.

Country: Albania

Data refer to registered unemployment, end of period, and are compiled by the National Statistical Office using administrative records.

Country: Armenia

Data refer to registered unemployment, end of period, and are compiled by the National Statistical Office using administrative records.

Country: Belarus

Annual data: LFS-based.

Monthly data refer to registered unemployment, end of period, and are compiled by the National Statistical Office using administrative records.

Country: France

Geographical Coverage: Data for France do not include the overseas departments (DOM).

Country: Georgia

Geographical Coverage: from 1993 excludes Abkhazia and South Ossetia (Tshinvali).

Country: Israel

Designation and data provided by Israel.
The position of the United Nations on the question of Jerusalem is contained in General Assembly resolution 181 (II) and subsequent resolutions of the General Assembly and the Security Council concerning this question. Data include East Jerusalem.

Country: Liechtenstein

Unemployment: Break in series, from year 2006 data according to ILO definition. Data up to year 2005 included border workers from neighboring countries.

Country: Republic of Moldova

Geographical Coverage: from 1993 excludes Transnistria.

Country: Serbia

Geographical Coverage: from 1999, excludes Kosovo and Metohija.

Country: Tajikistan

Data refer to registered unemployment, end of period, and are compiled by the National Statistical Office using administrative records.

Country: Ukraine

Geographical coverage: from 2014, does not includes all territory of Ukraine.

Country: Uzbekistan

Data refer to registered unemployment, end of period, and are compiled by the National Statistical Office using administrative records.