Indicator 6.4.1 (c)
Change in water-use efficiency over time, industries, United States dollars per cubic meter
Change in water use efficiency over time (CWUE): The change in the ratio of the value added to the volume of water use, over time. Water Use Efficiency (WUE) is defined as the value added of a given major sector1 divided by the volume of water used. Following the United Nations International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities ISIC 4 coding , sectors are defined as: 1. agriculture; forestry; fishing (ISIC A), hereinafter “agriculture”; 2. mining and quarrying; manufacturing; electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply; constructions (ISIC B, C, D and F), hereinafter “MIMEC”; 3. all the service sectors (ISIC E and ISIC G-T), hereinafter “services”.
Country | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 |
Albania | 11.3 | 11.9 | 13.7 | 13.8 | 14.7 | 15.0 | 15.6 | 16.7 | 19.6 | 22.9 | 11.4 | 134.4 |
Armenia | 13.9 | 13.5 | 11.7 | 9.8 | 17.9 | 12.5 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 19.7 | 19.0 | 23.6 | 14.8 |
Austria | 30.1 | 30.5 | 31.4 | 31.8 | 31.6 | 31.8 | 32.0 | 33.1 | 33.8 | 34.8 | 35.3 | 32.7 |
Azerbaijan | 10.6 | 11.2 | 11.3 | 8.9 | 9.2 | 8.7 | 37.8 | 35.6 | 42.5 | 50.5 | 45.1 | 36.3 |
Belarus | 32.8 | 35.1 | 39.4 | 39.3 | 39.8 | 59.1 | 53.5 | 31.8 | 35.1 | 36.0 | 37.9 | 39.6 |
Belgium | 14.5 | 16.1 | 17.4 | 18.4 | 19.9 | 22.1 | 25.0 | 23.8 | 23.3 | 23.7 | 24.3 | 23.1 |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | 67.1 | 59.1 | 44.8 | 35.4 | 35.2 | 44.6 | 47.8 | 45.7 | 46.1 | 43.4 | 72.3 | 51.1 |
Bulgaria | 2.5 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.7 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.8 | 2.9 |
Canada | 9.8 | 11.0 | 11.9 | 12.1 | 12.7 | 13.6 | 12.4 | 11.9 | 12.8 | 13.4 | 13.2 | 12.7 |
Croatia | 71.1 | 67.7 | 66.1 | 60.1 | 66.9 | 52.9 | 44.8 | 52.8 | 48.4 | 12.6 | 13.0 | 13.2 |
Cyprus | 497.5 | 504.3 | 496.7 | 476.9 | 452.3 | 507.8 | 262.7 | 458.0 | 125.2 | 145.7 | 162.0 | 153.5 |
Czechia | 40.7 | 43.9 | 46.9 | 46.6 | 47.3 | 53.1 | 59.9 | 58.1 | 61.0 | 66.6 | 74.4 | 80.0 |
Denmark | 1428.0 | 749.1 | 536.7 | 413.5 | 544.9 | 799.1 | 1548.7 | 1510.7 | 1731.2 | 1309.4 | 1271.9 | 1320.4 |
Estonia | 2.8 | 2.2 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 3.1 | 2.9 | 3.0 | 3.4 | 5.8 | 6.5 |
Finland | 30.2 | 31.8 | 31.9 | 29.4 | 29.3 | 29.2 | 30.2 | 33.6 | 36.2 | 27.0 | 27.0 | 26.5 |
France | 18.7 | 18.5 | 17.4 | 18.9 | 19.9 | 18.8 | 19.1 | 20.7 | 20.5 | 20.7 | 22.3 | 19.1 |
Georgia | 3.8 | 4.5 | 5.9 | 7.5 | 8.1 | 9.4 | 11.0 | 12.7 | 13.7 | 13.7 | 9.6 | 9.3 |
Germany | 23.8 | 27.1 | 32.1 | 36.4 | 41.4 | 43.9 | 45.8 | 48.5 | 49.3 | 49.4 | 48.6 | 45.7 |
Greece | 139.4 | 167.7 | 197.2 | 175.4 | 169.4 | 158.9 | 167.1 | 60.2 | 56.9 | 61.0 | 61.9 | 61.5 |
Hungary | 5.6 | 5.9 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 7.2 | 8.8 | 9.5 | 8.8 | 9.1 | 9.1 | 10.3 | 9.1 |
Iceland | 16.4 | 14.8 | 13.2 | 12.5 | 12.9 | 13.8 | 13.9 | 14.6 | 15.3 | 16.2 | 16.6 | 15.6 |
Ireland | 357.1 | 252.5 | 217.4 | 180.1 | 156.3 | 154.1 | 278.8 | 248.0 | 240.1 | 246.3 | 248.2 | 278.1 |
Israel | 346.4 | 363.1 | 395.6 | 425.3 | 433.2 | 455.9 | 486.4 | 1017.8 | 532.7 | 543.3 | 560.2 | 554.1 |
Italy | 35.0 | 38.4 | 41.5 | 42.1 | 44.3 | 43.4 | 44.3 | 45.6 | 46.5 | 47.2 | 47.2 | 43.0 |
Kazakhstan | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.8 | 8.8 | 8.5 | 7.7 | 8.7 | 8.0 | 8.4 | 10.6 | 13.0 | 10.1 |
Kyrgyzstan | 3.4 | 3.6 | 4.0 | 3.2 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.6 | 5.1 | 5.3 | 5.5 | 6.1 | 5.8 |
Latvia | 86.0 | 75.3 | 75.6 | 76.8 | 84.0 | 117.2 | 126.4 | 123.1 | 129.7 | 125.6 | 140.5 | 138.2 |
Lithuania | 6.7 | 8.6 | 12.6 | 17.5 | 27.0 | 59.4 | 53.0 | 84.4 | 147.7 | 176.8 | 182.9 | 179.5 |
Luxembourg | 1277.4 | 1819.7 | 1449.3 | 1401.3 | 2655.1 | 1873.6 | 3094.8 | 5248.8 | 3856.0 | 3386.4 | 1616.8 | 1483.6 |
Malta | 1219.8 | 1314.2 | 1293.4 | 1296.7 | 1245.7 | 1189.8 | 1181.2 | 1182.7 | 1320.8 | 1447.0 | 1556.7 | 1538.5 |
Montenegro | 6.1 | 6.3 | 6.7 | 5.8 | 5.4 | 5.3 | 5.8 | 6.9 | 7.5 | 7.9 | 8.7 | 7.1 |
Netherlands | 14.1 | 13.8 | 14.4 | 14.3 | 15.2 | 16.5 | 17.8 | 20.4 | 21.2 | 22.9 | 21.6 | 21.8 |
North Macedonia | 7.9 | 9.8 | 11.9 | 12.9 | 16.1 | 23.5 | 40.1 | 93.8 | 98.7 | 102.3 | 72.2 | 67.5 |
Norway | 104.1 | 105.7 | 115.2 | 118.3 | 115.3 | 112.1 | 103.4 | 92.4 | 101.3 | 108.8 | 98.8 | 88.7 |
Poland | 13.2 | 13.4 | 14.6 | 14.5 | 14.0 | 15.0 | 16.7 | 16.9 | 18.1 | 20.9 | 22.0 | 22.7 |
Portugal | 20.6 | 20.9 | 19.6 | 18.0 | 17.5 | 17.3 | 17.7 | 17.9 | 18.6 | 19.2 | 19.4 | 18.2 |
Republic of Moldova | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 2.0 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.7 | 2.9 | 3.1 | 2.9 |
Romania | 12.7 | 11.3 | 11.4 | 10.7 | 11.0 | 11.7 | 11.3 | 12.3 | 12.1 | 13.3 | 13.2 | 12.3 |
Russian Federation | 8.3 | 9.0 | 9.3 | 9.8 | 9.6 | 10.2 | 13.0 | 12.8 | 13.9 | 14.6 | 14.8 | 13.4 |
Serbia | .. | .. | .. | 2.8 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.3 |
Slovakia | 68.5 | 81.4 | 84.5 | 65.4 | 109.8 | 96.7 | 102.9 | 102.9 | 103.3 | 107.3 | 109.0 | 96.7 |
Slovenia | 13.1 | 12.8 | 13.2 | 13.1 | 10.0 | 12.9 | 14.7 | 15.4 | 15.7 | 15.8 | 17.1 | 15.2 |
Spain | 38.6 | 34.8 | 33.1 | 30.5 | 29.3 | 30.2 | 32.9 | 34.5 | 38.2 | 37.5 | 39.6 | 36.2 |
Sweden | 52.8 | 59.0 | 62.9 | 62.3 | 62.4 | 65.5 | 73.2 | 74.3 | 78.9 | 81.2 | 84.0 | 78.8 |
Switzerland | .. | .. | .. | 236.9 | 242.4 | 246.4 | 246.7 | 254.4 | 258.9 | 267.0 | 273.0 | 267.2 |
Tajikistan | 3.4 | 3.8 | 3.1 | 3.5 | 4.2 | 4.4 | 5.5 | 7.8 | 1.3 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 1.4 |
Türkiye | 86.3 | 87.5 | 100.7 | 97.2 | 95.0 | 89.1 | 132.0 | 231.3 | 247.2 | 245.3 | 232.8 | 251.8 |
Turkmenistan | 16.8 | 18.6 | 23.6 | 25.4 | 24.3 | 24.3 | 22.1 | 19.9 | 17.4 | 19.7 | 16.7 | 16.9 |
Ukraine | 3.0 | 3.2 | 3.5 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 4.0 | 4.1 | 4.3 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 4.6 | 4.3 |
United Kingdom | 329.0 | 486.0 | 647.8 | 389.0 | 458.1 | 535.6 | 489.9 | 455.2 | 471.8 | 485.2 | 491.9 | 421.8 |
United States | 10.8 | 11.5 | 12.2 | 12.8 | 13.6 | 14.4 | 14.7 | 14.5 | 15.2 | 15.8 | 15.9 | 14.7 |
Uzbekistan | 6.3 | 6.5 | 6.3 | 6.9 | 7.6 | 8.1 | 9.2 | 9.1 | 9.8 | 12.3 | 14.6 | 14.8 |
Country | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 |
Albania | 11.3 | 11.9 | 13.7 | 13.8 | 14.7 | 15.0 | 15.6 | 16.7 | 19.6 | 22.9 | 11.4 | 134.4 |
Armenia | 13.9 | 13.5 | 11.7 | 9.8 | 17.9 | 12.5 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 19.7 | 19.0 | 23.6 | 14.8 |
Austria | 30.1 | 30.5 | 31.4 | 31.8 | 31.6 | 31.8 | 32.0 | 33.1 | 33.8 | 34.8 | 35.3 | 32.7 |
Azerbaijan | 10.6 | 11.2 | 11.3 | 8.9 | 9.2 | 8.7 | 37.8 | 35.6 | 42.5 | 50.5 | 45.1 | 36.3 |
Belarus | 32.8 | 35.1 | 39.4 | 39.3 | 39.8 | 59.1 | 53.5 | 31.8 | 35.1 | 36.0 | 37.9 | 39.6 |
Belgium | 14.5 | 16.1 | 17.4 | 18.4 | 19.9 | 22.1 | 25.0 | 23.8 | 23.3 | 23.7 | 24.3 | 23.1 |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | 67.1 | 59.1 | 44.8 | 35.4 | 35.2 | 44.6 | 47.8 | 45.7 | 46.1 | 43.4 | 72.3 | 51.1 |
Bulgaria | 2.5 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.7 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.8 | 2.9 |
Canada | 9.8 | 11.0 | 11.9 | 12.1 | 12.7 | 13.6 | 12.4 | 11.9 | 12.8 | 13.4 | 13.2 | 12.7 |
Croatia | 71.1 | 67.7 | 66.1 | 60.1 | 66.9 | 52.9 | 44.8 | 52.8 | 48.4 | 12.6 | 13.0 | 13.2 |
Cyprus | 497.5 | 504.3 | 496.7 | 476.9 | 452.3 | 507.8 | 262.7 | 458.0 | 125.2 | 145.7 | 162.0 | 153.5 |
Czechia | 40.7 | 43.9 | 46.9 | 46.6 | 47.3 | 53.1 | 59.9 | 58.1 | 61.0 | 66.6 | 74.4 | 80.0 |
Denmark | 1428.0 | 749.1 | 536.7 | 413.5 | 544.9 | 799.1 | 1548.7 | 1510.7 | 1731.2 | 1309.4 | 1271.9 | 1320.4 |
Estonia | 2.8 | 2.2 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 3.1 | 2.9 | 3.0 | 3.4 | 5.8 | 6.5 |
Finland | 30.2 | 31.8 | 31.9 | 29.4 | 29.3 | 29.2 | 30.2 | 33.6 | 36.2 | 27.0 | 27.0 | 26.5 |
France | 18.7 | 18.5 | 17.4 | 18.9 | 19.9 | 18.8 | 19.1 | 20.7 | 20.5 | 20.7 | 22.3 | 19.1 |
Georgia | 3.8 | 4.5 | 5.9 | 7.5 | 8.1 | 9.4 | 11.0 | 12.7 | 13.7 | 13.7 | 9.6 | 9.3 |
Germany | 23.8 | 27.1 | 32.1 | 36.4 | 41.4 | 43.9 | 45.8 | 48.5 | 49.3 | 49.4 | 48.6 | 45.7 |
Greece | 139.4 | 167.7 | 197.2 | 175.4 | 169.4 | 158.9 | 167.1 | 60.2 | 56.9 | 61.0 | 61.9 | 61.5 |
Hungary | 5.6 | 5.9 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 7.2 | 8.8 | 9.5 | 8.8 | 9.1 | 9.1 | 10.3 | 9.1 |
Iceland | 16.4 | 14.8 | 13.2 | 12.5 | 12.9 | 13.8 | 13.9 | 14.6 | 15.3 | 16.2 | 16.6 | 15.6 |
Ireland | 357.1 | 252.5 | 217.4 | 180.1 | 156.3 | 154.1 | 278.8 | 248.0 | 240.1 | 246.3 | 248.2 | 278.1 |
Israel | 346.4 | 363.1 | 395.6 | 425.3 | 433.2 | 455.9 | 486.4 | 1017.8 | 532.7 | 543.3 | 560.2 | 554.1 |
Italy | 35.0 | 38.4 | 41.5 | 42.1 | 44.3 | 43.4 | 44.3 | 45.6 | 46.5 | 47.2 | 47.2 | 43.0 |
Kazakhstan | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.8 | 8.8 | 8.5 | 7.7 | 8.7 | 8.0 | 8.4 | 10.6 | 13.0 | 10.1 |
Kyrgyzstan | 3.4 | 3.6 | 4.0 | 3.2 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.6 | 5.1 | 5.3 | 5.5 | 6.1 | 5.8 |
Latvia | 86.0 | 75.3 | 75.6 | 76.8 | 84.0 | 117.2 | 126.4 | 123.1 | 129.7 | 125.6 | 140.5 | 138.2 |
Lithuania | 6.7 | 8.6 | 12.6 | 17.5 | 27.0 | 59.4 | 53.0 | 84.4 | 147.7 | 176.8 | 182.9 | 179.5 |
Luxembourg | 1277.4 | 1819.7 | 1449.3 | 1401.3 | 2655.1 | 1873.6 | 3094.8 | 5248.8 | 3856.0 | 3386.4 | 1616.8 | 1483.6 |
Malta | 1219.8 | 1314.2 | 1293.4 | 1296.7 | 1245.7 | 1189.8 | 1181.2 | 1182.7 | 1320.8 | 1447.0 | 1556.7 | 1538.5 |
Montenegro | 6.1 | 6.3 | 6.7 | 5.8 | 5.4 | 5.3 | 5.8 | 6.9 | 7.5 | 7.9 | 8.7 | 7.1 |
Netherlands | 14.1 | 13.8 | 14.4 | 14.3 | 15.2 | 16.5 | 17.8 | 20.4 | 21.2 | 22.9 | 21.6 | 21.8 |
North Macedonia | 7.9 | 9.8 | 11.9 | 12.9 | 16.1 | 23.5 | 40.1 | 93.8 | 98.7 | 102.3 | 72.2 | 67.5 |
Norway | 104.1 | 105.7 | 115.2 | 118.3 | 115.3 | 112.1 | 103.4 | 92.4 | 101.3 | 108.8 | 98.8 | 88.7 |
Poland | 13.2 | 13.4 | 14.6 | 14.5 | 14.0 | 15.0 | 16.7 | 16.9 | 18.1 | 20.9 | 22.0 | 22.7 |
Portugal | 20.6 | 20.9 | 19.6 | 18.0 | 17.5 | 17.3 | 17.7 | 17.9 | 18.6 | 19.2 | 19.4 | 18.2 |
Republic of Moldova | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 2.0 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.7 | 2.9 | 3.1 | 2.9 |
Romania | 12.7 | 11.3 | 11.4 | 10.7 | 11.0 | 11.7 | 11.3 | 12.3 | 12.1 | 13.3 | 13.2 | 12.3 |
Russian Federation | 8.3 | 9.0 | 9.3 | 9.8 | 9.6 | 10.2 | 13.0 | 12.8 | 13.9 | 14.6 | 14.8 | 13.4 |
Serbia | .. | .. | .. | 2.8 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.3 |
Slovakia | 68.5 | 81.4 | 84.5 | 65.4 | 109.8 | 96.7 | 102.9 | 102.9 | 103.3 | 107.3 | 109.0 | 96.7 |
Slovenia | 13.1 | 12.8 | 13.2 | 13.1 | 10.0 | 12.9 | 14.7 | 15.4 | 15.7 | 15.8 | 17.1 | 15.2 |
Spain | 38.6 | 34.8 | 33.1 | 30.5 | 29.3 | 30.2 | 32.9 | 34.5 | 38.2 | 37.5 | 39.6 | 36.2 |
Sweden | 52.8 | 59.0 | 62.9 | 62.3 | 62.4 | 65.5 | 73.2 | 74.3 | 78.9 | 81.2 | 84.0 | 78.8 |
Switzerland | .. | .. | .. | 236.9 | 242.4 | 246.4 | 246.7 | 254.4 | 258.9 | 267.0 | 273.0 | 267.2 |
Tajikistan | 3.4 | 3.8 | 3.1 | 3.5 | 4.2 | 4.4 | 5.5 | 7.8 | 1.3 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 1.4 |
Türkiye | 86.3 | 87.5 | 100.7 | 97.2 | 95.0 | 89.1 | 132.0 | 231.3 | 247.2 | 245.3 | 232.8 | 251.8 |
Turkmenistan | 16.8 | 18.6 | 23.6 | 25.4 | 24.3 | 24.3 | 22.1 | 19.9 | 17.4 | 19.7 | 16.7 | 16.9 |
Ukraine | 3.0 | 3.2 | 3.5 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 4.0 | 4.1 | 4.3 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 4.6 | 4.3 |
United Kingdom | 329.0 | 486.0 | 647.8 | 389.0 | 458.1 | 535.6 | 489.9 | 455.2 | 471.8 | 485.2 | 491.9 | 421.8 |
United States | 10.8 | 11.5 | 12.2 | 12.8 | 13.6 | 14.4 | 14.7 | 14.5 | 15.2 | 15.8 | 15.9 | 14.7 |
Uzbekistan | 6.3 | 6.5 | 6.3 | 6.9 | 7.6 | 8.1 | 9.2 | 9.1 | 9.8 | 12.3 | 14.6 | 14.8 |