Indicator 12.c.1 (b)

Indicator 12.c.1 (b)

Fossil-fuel pre-tax subsidies (consumption and production) per capita, current United States dollars

Fossil fuel subsidies at the national, regional and global level. Three sub-indicators are recommended for reporting on this indicator: 1) direct transfer of government funds; 2) induced transfers (price support); and as an optional sub-indicator 3) tax expenditure, other revenue foregone, and underpricing of goods and services.

INDICATOR 12.c.1 (b)
Fossil-fuel pre-tax subsidies (consumption and production) per capita. Fossil fuel subsidies at the national, regional and global level. Three sub-indicators are recommended for reporting on this indicator: 1) direct transfer of government funds; 2) induced transfers (price support); and as an optional sub-indicator 3) tax expenditure, other revenue foregone, and underpricing of goods and services.
TARGET 12.c
Rationalize inefficient fossil-fuel subsidies that encourage wasteful consumption by removing market distortions, in accordance with national circumstances, including by restructuring taxation and phasing out those harmful subsidies, where they exist, to reflect their environmental impacts, taking fully into account the specific needs and conditions of developing countries and minimizing the possible adverse impacts on their development in a manner that protects the poor and the affected communities
GOAL 12
Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns
See United Nations Global SDG Database

Indicator 12.c.1 (b)

Indicator 12.c.1 (b)

Fossil-fuel pre-tax subsidies (consumption and production) per capita, current United States dollars

Heat map
Bubble map
INDICATOR 12.c.1 (b)
Fossil-fuel pre-tax subsidies (consumption and production) per capita. Fossil fuel subsidies at the national, regional and global level. Three sub-indicators are recommended for reporting on this indicator: 1) direct transfer of government funds; 2) induced transfers (price support); and as an optional sub-indicator 3) tax expenditure, other revenue foregone, and underpricing of goods and services.
TARGET 12.c
Rationalize inefficient fossil-fuel subsidies that encourage wasteful consumption by removing market distortions, in accordance with national circumstances, including by restructuring taxation and phasing out those harmful subsidies, where they exist, to reflect their environmental impacts, taking fully into account the specific needs and conditions of developing countries and minimizing the possible adverse impacts on their development in a manner that protects the poor and the affected communities
GOAL 12
Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns
See United Nations Global SDG Database

Indicator 12.c.1 (b)

Indicator 12.c.1 (b)

Fossil-fuel pre-tax subsidies (consumption and production) per capita, current United States dollars

INDICATOR 12.c.1 (b)
Fossil-fuel pre-tax subsidies (consumption and production) per capita. Fossil fuel subsidies at the national, regional and global level. Three sub-indicators are recommended for reporting on this indicator: 1) direct transfer of government funds; 2) induced transfers (price support); and as an optional sub-indicator 3) tax expenditure, other revenue foregone, and underpricing of goods and services.
TARGET 12.c
Rationalize inefficient fossil-fuel subsidies that encourage wasteful consumption by removing market distortions, in accordance with national circumstances, including by restructuring taxation and phasing out those harmful subsidies, where they exist, to reflect their environmental impacts, taking fully into account the specific needs and conditions of developing countries and minimizing the possible adverse impacts on their development in a manner that protects the poor and the affected communities
GOAL 12
Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns
See United Nations Global SDG Database

Indicator 12.c.1 (b)

Indicator 12.c.1 (b)

Fossil-fuel pre-tax subsidies (consumption and production) per capita, current United States dollars

Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Albania 0.0 0.0 117.6 65.8 45.1 29.5 31.5 28.8 21.9 27.3 27.4 28.7 31.4
Armenia 9.6 12.8 14.2 14.4 14.4 11.0 7.6 7.7 1.5 1.6 4.1 .. ..
Austria 130.3 144.9 118.5 104.9 102.2 93.6 95.5 97.8 104.8 109.5 61.9 71.8 301.0
Azerbaijan 117.8 233.9 258.3 295.5 164.9 130.0 241.4 188.0 303.5 199.0 85.2 433.2 1087.5
Belarus 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Belgium .. .. .. .. .. 219.4 228.6 260.5 293.6 308.3 339.2 331.6 664.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 1.3 2.7 4.5 25.1 22.3 53.5 96.5
Bulgaria 5.3 6.5 7.4 8.6 10.6 8.2 11.2 13.4 13.3 11.4 11.2 .. ..
Canada 118.7 78.2 83.3 86.5 88.3 55.4 61.6 67.4 60.1 51.5 94.2 84.7 115.2
Croatia 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 163.6
Cyprus 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 178.2 278.4 212.3 153.3 166.6 266.4 222.5 228.1
Czechia 32.7 35.1 31.9 28.4 25.4 22.1 22.9 23.7 25.3 33.8 34.6 60.9 92.1
Denmark 41.8 48.5 35.1 37.6 37.5 23.2 22.4 30.5 36.0 33.8 38.0 40.7 37.8
Estonia 93.2 99.1 76.7 66.1 61.2 43.5 31.4 36.9 36.6 38.3 29.9 30.6 220.2
Finland 322.4 343.3 291.8 320.0 311.8 247.8 262.2 270.3 297.6 257.5 270.1 270.6 219.0
France 57.7 94.3 95.9 96.8 93.0 87.6 97.3 114.5 160.3 155.3 117.9 163.0 451.9
Georgia 1.7 1.8 2.0 3.0 2.9 2.8 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.5 22.8 13.0 3.1
Germany .. .. .. .. .. 79.1 79.3 77.8 82.3 59.4 54.8 .. ..
Greece .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 34.4
Hungary 26.5 26.7 27.2 28.8 29.0 26.4 20.9 22.7 22.0 18.6 17.9 17.9 507.4
Iceland 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ireland .. .. .. .. .. 535.3 528.3 564.0 630.5 598.4 481.9 582.2 1048.0
Israel 78.0 91.2 109.3 124.0 123.3 117.5 121.8 132.4 135.6 135.3 124.5 134.9 222.3
Italy 185.2 188.9 210.5 225.0 215.9 166.1 162.1 167.0 186.1 188.8 181.4 272.4 848.8
Kazakhstan 373.6 519.4 449.3 337.3 314.7 168.3 219.3 282.1 415.8 293.9 192.4 703.9 1776.1
Kyrgyzstan 62.1 131.8 166.5 180.0 155.7 98.9 98.5 115.5 120.7 119.0 112.7 127.8 176.4
Latvia 94.3 110.4 151.2 170.7 167.6 134.7 131.2 128.1 97.4 95.7 92.7 96.5 132.6
Lithuania .. .. .. .. .. 66.7 67.5 67.1 70.1 65.8 154.3 176.1 142.6
Luxembourg .. .. .. .. .. 208.5 197.3 200.8 235.1 236.5 222.9 0.2 ..
Malta 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Montenegro 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Netherlands 26.1 30.6 24.8 9.2 11.6 9.7 30.9 49.2 51.0 700.7 773.6 783.1 1377.4
North Macedonia 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 17.5 12.5 268.0 207.4 145.0 111.9 153.1 164.8
Norway 58.2 62.5 65.5 120.2 110.9 99.0 89.1 83.7 73.1 68.5 57.0 67.3 64.4
Poland .. .. .. .. .. 46.9 52.4 53.0 50.7 48.7 29.8 .. ..
Portugal 22.0 48.3 16.5 19.8 20.7 25.8 30.9 49.3 49.3 57.5 65.9 75.3 302.3
Republic of Moldova 19.1 24.1 28.0 27.0 26.4 20.4 21.1 22.0 24.4 22.2 22.7 25.7 53.4
Romania 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 66.4 76.9 95.2 76.4 69.8 51.5 81.2 67.6
Russian Federation 253.5 308.8 323.1 326.5 299.7 209.5 185.6 150.1 286.1 148.7 93.3 540.4 1111.6
San Marino 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Serbia 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.3 3.8 51.7 63.4 71.3 66.8 161.1 354.3
Slovakia .. .. .. .. .. 38.1 42.3 74.3 101.8 58.2 33.0 170.7 ..
Slovenia .. .. .. .. .. 76.6 81.3 86.4 81.4 64.2 41.7 62.4 128.6
Spain 69.9 67.8 55.0 55.5 50.7 46.2 42.3 40.5 43.4 38.4 36.9 78.4 288.0
Sweden 361.6 310.2 240.3 199.9 192.1 146.1 143.4 141.5 128.6 165.3 161.1 180.4 387.9
Switzerland 239.3 295.3 284.1 287.2 301.4 296.4 297.3 287.6 295.7 299.8 176.6 188.9 260.5
Tajikistan 16.4 21.5 28.4 34.9 31.2 52.5 52.3 89.5 85.3 72.2 74.7 84.1 91.2
Türkiye 13.6 14.6 14.2 14.3 59.8 55.3 56.2 66.1 60.5 46.7 37.9 30.8 27.3
Turkmenistan 1360.0 1526.7 1583.6 1528.0 1345.6 753.3 532.8 538.2 621.4 408.4 193.4 901.2 2385.5
Ukraine 224.1 285.8 265.2 234.6 187.8 117.1 58.8 54.6 87.1 48.4 44.9 204.4 493.8
United Kingdom .. .. .. .. .. 293.2 228.2 209.2 205.2 209.8 188.3 .. ..
United States 48.4 37.0 37.0 35.3 35.6 33.5 28.4 28.2 31.5 34.6 30.7 36.2 41.5
Uzbekistan 487.5 491.0 424.1 373.5 306.0 186.3 131.4 200.0 261.2 166.0 127.3 470.9 656.0
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Albania 0.0 0.0 117.6 65.8 45.1 29.5 31.5 28.8 21.9 27.3 27.4 28.7 31.4
Armenia 9.6 12.8 14.2 14.4 14.4 11.0 7.6 7.7 1.5 1.6 4.1 .. ..
Austria 130.3 144.9 118.5 104.9 102.2 93.6 95.5 97.8 104.8 109.5 61.9 71.8 301.0
Azerbaijan 117.8 233.9 258.3 295.5 164.9 130.0 241.4 188.0 303.5 199.0 85.2 433.2 1087.5
Belarus 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Belgium .. .. .. .. .. 219.4 228.6 260.5 293.6 308.3 339.2 331.6 664.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 1.3 2.7 4.5 25.1 22.3 53.5 96.5
Bulgaria 5.3 6.5 7.4 8.6 10.6 8.2 11.2 13.4 13.3 11.4 11.2 .. ..
Canada 118.7 78.2 83.3 86.5 88.3 55.4 61.6 67.4 60.1 51.5 94.2 84.7 115.2
Croatia 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 163.6
Cyprus 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 178.2 278.4 212.3 153.3 166.6 266.4 222.5 228.1
Czechia 32.7 35.1 31.9 28.4 25.4 22.1 22.9 23.7 25.3 33.8 34.6 60.9 92.1
Denmark 41.8 48.5 35.1 37.6 37.5 23.2 22.4 30.5 36.0 33.8 38.0 40.7 37.8
Estonia 93.2 99.1 76.7 66.1 61.2 43.5 31.4 36.9 36.6 38.3 29.9 30.6 220.2
Finland 322.4 343.3 291.8 320.0 311.8 247.8 262.2 270.3 297.6 257.5 270.1 270.6 219.0
France 57.7 94.3 95.9 96.8 93.0 87.6 97.3 114.5 160.3 155.3 117.9 163.0 451.9
Georgia 1.7 1.8 2.0 3.0 2.9 2.8 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.5 22.8 13.0 3.1
Germany .. .. .. .. .. 79.1 79.3 77.8 82.3 59.4 54.8 .. ..
Greece .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 34.4
Hungary 26.5 26.7 27.2 28.8 29.0 26.4 20.9 22.7 22.0 18.6 17.9 17.9 507.4
Iceland 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ireland .. .. .. .. .. 535.3 528.3 564.0 630.5 598.4 481.9 582.2 1048.0
Israel 78.0 91.2 109.3 124.0 123.3 117.5 121.8 132.4 135.6 135.3 124.5 134.9 222.3
Italy 185.2 188.9 210.5 225.0 215.9 166.1 162.1 167.0 186.1 188.8 181.4 272.4 848.8
Kazakhstan 373.6 519.4 449.3 337.3 314.7 168.3 219.3 282.1 415.8 293.9 192.4 703.9 1776.1
Kyrgyzstan 62.1 131.8 166.5 180.0 155.7 98.9 98.5 115.5 120.7 119.0 112.7 127.8 176.4
Latvia 94.3 110.4 151.2 170.7 167.6 134.7 131.2 128.1 97.4 95.7 92.7 96.5 132.6
Lithuania .. .. .. .. .. 66.7 67.5 67.1 70.1 65.8 154.3 176.1 142.6
Luxembourg .. .. .. .. .. 208.5 197.3 200.8 235.1 236.5 222.9 0.2 ..
Malta 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Montenegro 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Netherlands 26.1 30.6 24.8 9.2 11.6 9.7 30.9 49.2 51.0 700.7 773.6 783.1 1377.4
North Macedonia 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 17.5 12.5 268.0 207.4 145.0 111.9 153.1 164.8
Norway 58.2 62.5 65.5 120.2 110.9 99.0 89.1 83.7 73.1 68.5 57.0 67.3 64.4
Poland .. .. .. .. .. 46.9 52.4 53.0 50.7 48.7 29.8 .. ..
Portugal 22.0 48.3 16.5 19.8 20.7 25.8 30.9 49.3 49.3 57.5 65.9 75.3 302.3
Republic of Moldova 19.1 24.1 28.0 27.0 26.4 20.4 21.1 22.0 24.4 22.2 22.7 25.7 53.4
Romania 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 66.4 76.9 95.2 76.4 69.8 51.5 81.2 67.6
Russian Federation 253.5 308.8 323.1 326.5 299.7 209.5 185.6 150.1 286.1 148.7 93.3 540.4 1111.6
San Marino 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Serbia 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.3 3.8 51.7 63.4 71.3 66.8 161.1 354.3
Slovakia .. .. .. .. .. 38.1 42.3 74.3 101.8 58.2 33.0 170.7 ..
Slovenia .. .. .. .. .. 76.6 81.3 86.4 81.4 64.2 41.7 62.4 128.6
Spain 69.9 67.8 55.0 55.5 50.7 46.2 42.3 40.5 43.4 38.4 36.9 78.4 288.0
Sweden 361.6 310.2 240.3 199.9 192.1 146.1 143.4 141.5 128.6 165.3 161.1 180.4 387.9
Switzerland 239.3 295.3 284.1 287.2 301.4 296.4 297.3 287.6 295.7 299.8 176.6 188.9 260.5
Tajikistan 16.4 21.5 28.4 34.9 31.2 52.5 52.3 89.5 85.3 72.2 74.7 84.1 91.2
Türkiye 13.6 14.6 14.2 14.3 59.8 55.3 56.2 66.1 60.5 46.7 37.9 30.8 27.3
Turkmenistan 1360.0 1526.7 1583.6 1528.0 1345.6 753.3 532.8 538.2 621.4 408.4 193.4 901.2 2385.5
Ukraine 224.1 285.8 265.2 234.6 187.8 117.1 58.8 54.6 87.1 48.4 44.9 204.4 493.8
United Kingdom .. .. .. .. .. 293.2 228.2 209.2 205.2 209.8 188.3 .. ..
United States 48.4 37.0 37.0 35.3 35.6 33.5 28.4 28.2 31.5 34.6 30.7 36.2 41.5
Uzbekistan 487.5 491.0 424.1 373.5 306.0 186.3 131.4 200.0 261.2 166.0 127.3 470.9 656.0
INDICATOR 12.c.1 (b)
Fossil-fuel pre-tax subsidies (consumption and production) per capita. Fossil fuel subsidies at the national, regional and global level. Three sub-indicators are recommended for reporting on this indicator: 1) direct transfer of government funds; 2) induced transfers (price support); and as an optional sub-indicator 3) tax expenditure, other revenue foregone, and underpricing of goods and services.
TARGET 12.c
Rationalize inefficient fossil-fuel subsidies that encourage wasteful consumption by removing market distortions, in accordance with national circumstances, including by restructuring taxation and phasing out those harmful subsidies, where they exist, to reflect their environmental impacts, taking fully into account the specific needs and conditions of developing countries and minimizing the possible adverse impacts on their development in a manner that protects the poor and the affected communities
GOAL 12
Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns
See United Nations Global SDG Database

Footnote