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Statistical Division
Glossary of Terms
What is UNECE

Youth unemployment rate

The youth unemployment rate is the share (in per cent) of the unemployed 15-24 year-olds expressed as a percentage of the youth labour force.

Youth unemployment rate
Percent

More indicators
Economy
Consumer price index (CPI)
Final consumption expenditure
Gross domestic product (GDP) in absolute value
Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita
Share of agriculture in GDP
Share of construction in GDP
Share of exports in GDP
Share of finance and business services in GDP
Share of imports in GDP
Share of industry in GDP
Share of trade, hospitality, transport and communication in GDP
Unemployment rate
Youth unemployment rate
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Country 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
Albania .. .. 20.1 27.2 27.2 30.5 23.9 29.8 31.4 39.0 39.8 36.5 31.9 28.3 27.2 26.5 27.1 .. ..
Andorra .. .. .. .. .. 10.0 16.0 24.4 27.5 26.0 18.6 9.6 8.0 11.3 12.5 17.8 15.3 10.4 ..
Azerbaijan 15.4 14.7 13.6 14.0 13.9 14.9 14.7 14.2 13.8 13.5 13.4 13.1 12.9 12.8 12.4 15.1 .. .. ..
Austria 11.0 9.8 9.4 8.5 10.7 9.5 8.9 9.4 9.7 10.3 10.6 11.2 9.8 9.4 8.5 10.5 11.0 9.5 10.4
Armenia 54.6 55.9 57.6 40.4 40.9 38.9 39.2 35.4 35.9 37.2 32.5 36.6 38.4 33.5 32.6 32.3 30.5 .. ..
Belgium 21.5 20.5 18.8 18.0 21.9 22.4 18.7 19.8 23.7 23.2 22.1 20.1 19.3 15.8 14.2 15.3 18.2 16.4 16.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina .. 62.3 58.4 47.5 48.7 57.7 57.9 63.1 59.1 62.7 62.3 54.3 45.8 38.8 33.8 36.6 35.1 .. ..
Bulgaria 22.3 19.5 15.1 12.7 16.2 21.9 25.0 28.1 28.4 23.8 21.6 17.2 12.9 12.7 8.9 14.2 15.8 10.6 12.1
Belarus .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 11.1 10.9 10.7 9.3 10.7 10.2 12.0 10.5 .. ..
Canada 12.4 11.7 11.2 11.6 15.4 14.9 14.3 14.4 13.7 13.5 13.2 13.1 11.6 11.1 11.0 20.2 13.5 .. ..
Croatia 32.3 28.9 25.2 23.7 25.2 32.4 36.7 42.1 50.0 45.5 42.3 31.3 27.4 23.7 16.6 21.1 21.9 18.0 19.0
Cyprus 13.9 10.0 10.2 9.0 13.8 16.6 22.4 27.7 38.9 36.0 32.8 29.1 24.7 20.2 16.6 18.2 17.1 18.6 16.9
Czechia 19.2 17.5 10.7 9.9 16.6 18.3 18.1 19.5 19.0 15.9 12.6 10.5 7.9 6.7 5.6 8.0 8.2 6.8 8.3
Denmark 8.6 7.7 7.5 9.5 13.5 15.6 16.4 15.8 14.8 14.2 12.2 12.2 12.4 10.5 10.1 11.6 10.8 10.6 11.5
Estonia 15.1 12.1 10.1 12.0 27.4 32.9 22.4 20.9 18.7 15.0 14.4 14.1 12.2 12.1 11.7 18.5 16.7 18.6 17.3
Finland 20.1 18.7 16.5 16.5 21.5 21.4 20.1 19.0 19.9 20.5 22.4 20.1 20.1 17.0 17.2 21.4 17.1 14.2 16.2
France 20.3 21.3 18.8 18.3 22.9 22.5 21.9 23.7 24.1 24.2 24.7 24.5 22.1 20.8 19.5 20.2 18.9 17.3 17.2
Georgia 31.2 33.4 38.8 37.5 40.7 37.9 39.8 36.1 38.9 34.8 33.8 33.2 28.9 29.9 30.4 39.4 42.9 .. ..
Germany 15.5 13.8 11.9 10.6 11.2 9.8 8.5 8.0 7.8 7.7 7.2 7.1 6.8 6.2 5.8 7.1 7.0 6.0 5.9
Greece 25.8 25.0 22.7 21.9 25.7 33.0 44.7 55.3 58.3 52.4 49.8 47.3 43.6 39.9 35.2 35.0 35.5 31.4 26.7
Hungary 19.4 19.1 18.0 19.5 26.4 26.4 26.0 28.2 26.6 20.4 17.3 12.9 10.7 10.2 11.4 12.8 13.5 10.6 12.8
Iceland 7.4 8.3 7.0 8.2 15.9 16.2 14.4 13.5 10.6 9.8 8.8 6.5 7.9 6.1 8.7 10.0 12.1 8.7 8.8
Ireland 8.6 8.6 9.2 13.5 24.5 28.1 29.6 30.8 26.7 23.4 20.2 16.8 14.4 13.8 12.5 15.3 14.6 10.1 10.7
Israel 17.8 18.2 16.0 12.6 14.6 13.7 11.6 12.1 10.5 10.6 9.3 8.6 7.3 7.2 6.7 7.9 7.8 .. ..
Italy 24.1 21.8 20.4 21.2 25.3 27.9 29.2 35.3 40.0 42.7 40.3 37.8 34.7 32.2 29.1 29.7 29.7 23.7 22.7
Kazakhstan 13.4 12.1 9.4 7.4 6.7 5.2 4.6 3.9 3.9 3.8 4.2 3.8 3.8 3.7 3.6 3.8 3.7 .. ..
Kyrgyzstan 14.5 14.6 13.2 14.8 16.8 16.7 16.6 17.6 13.4 14.0 15.0 15.5 14.8 12.4 12.8 11.4 11.7 .. ..
Latvia 15.1 13.6 10.6 13.6 33.3 36.2 31.0 28.5 23.2 19.6 16.3 17.3 17.0 12.2 12.4 14.9 14.8 15.3 12.3
Liechtenstein 8.8 6.4 5.3 3.0 3.7 3.7 4.3 4.2 4.3 4.7 4.7 4.3 3.0 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.3 .. ..
Lithuania 15.8 10.0 8.4 13.3 29.6 35.7 32.6 26.7 21.9 19.3 16.3 14.5 13.3 11.1 11.9 19.6 14.3 11.9 13.8
Luxembourg 13.7 16.2 15.2 17.9 17.2 14.2 16.8 18.8 15.5 22.6 17.3 18.9 15.4 14.2 17.0 23.2 16.9 17.6 18.8
Malta 16.1 15.5 13.5 11.7 14.5 13.2 13.3 13.8 12.7 11.7 11.6 10.7 10.6 9.4 10.1 11.5 9.9 9.0 9.1
Republic of Moldova 18.7 17.1 14.4 11.2 15.4 17.8 14.9 13.1 12.2 9.3 12.3 11.0 11.9 7.1 10.4 10.9 9.2 .. ..
Montenegro 58.1 59.5 38.3 30.5 35.6 45.5 36.6 42.2 40.5 35.8 37.6 35.9 31.7 29.4 25.2 36.0 .. .. ..
Netherlands 11.8 10.0 9.4 8.6 10.2 11.1 10.0 11.7 13.2 12.7 11.3 10.8 8.9 7.2 6.7 9.1 9.3 7.6 8.2
Norway 11.5 8.7 7.4 7.5 9.2 9.3 8.7 8.5 9.1 7.9 9.9 11.2 10.4 9.7 10.0 11.3 12.6 10.0 11.0
Poland 36.9 29.8 21.7 17.3 20.6 23.7 25.8 26.5 27.3 23.9 20.8 17.7 14.8 11.7 9.7 10.8 11.9 10.8 11.4
Portugal 16.2 16.5 16.7 16.7 20.3 22.8 30.3 37.9 38.1 34.8 32.0 28.0 23.9 20.3 18.3 22.5 23.5 19.1 20.3
Romania 20.2 21.4 20.1 18.6 20.8 22.1 23.9 22.6 23.7 24.0 21.7 20.6 18.3 16.2 16.8 17.3 21.0 22.8 21.8
Russian Federation 15.5 16.4 14.4 14.0 18.5 16.9 15.2 14.8 13.8 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
San Marino 4.8 4.1 3.9 5.4 6.8 7.0 8.3 9.3 10.4 10.4 9.8 9.0 7.8 8.0 7.8 6.3 4.3 .. ..
Serbia 47.7 47.8 43.7 35.2 41.6 46.3 50.9 51.2 49.4 47.3 43.2 34.9 31.9 29.7 27.5 26.6 26.4 24.4 25.1
Slovakia 30.1 26.6 20.3 19.0 27.3 33.6 33.4 34.0 33.7 29.7 26.5 22.2 18.9 14.9 16.1 19.3 20.6 19.9 19.8
Slovenia 15.9 13.9 10.1 10.4 13.6 14.7 15.7 20.6 21.6 20.2 16.3 15.2 11.2 8.8 8.1 14.2 12.8 10.1 9.9
Spain 19.6 17.9 18.1 24.5 37.7 41.5 46.2 52.9 55.5 53.2 48.3 44.4 38.6 34.3 32.5 38.3 35.0 29.7 28.7
Sweden 21.9 21.5 19.3 20.2 25.0 24.8 22.8 23.6 23.5 22.9 20.4 18.9 17.9 17.4 20.1 23.9 24.7 21.7 22.1
Switzerland 8.8 7.7 7.1 7.0 8.5 8.2 7.7 8.3 8.7 8.6 8.8 8.6 8.1 7.9 8.0 8.6 8.8 7.5 8.1
Tajikistan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 11.4 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Türkiye 19.9 16.4 17.2 18.5 22.8 19.7 16.7 15.7 16.9 17.8 18.5 19.5 20.5 20.3 25.4 25.3 22.6 .. ..
Ukraine 14.9 14.1 12.5 13.3 17.8 17.4 18.6 17.3 17.4 23.1 22.4 23.0 18.9 17.9 15.4 19.3 19.1 .. ..
North Macedonia 62.6 59.8 57.7 56.4 55.1 53.7 55.3 53.9 51.9 53.1 47.3 48.2 46.7 45.4 35.6 35.7 .. .. ..
United Kingdom 12.7 13.9 14.3 15.0 19.1 19.9 21.3 21.2 20.7 17.0 14.6 13.0 12.1 11.3 11.2 .. .. .. ..
United States 11.3 10.5 10.5 12.9 17.6 18.4 17.3 16.2 15.6 13.4 11.6 10.4 9.2 8.6 8.4 14.9 9.7 .. ..
Country 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
Albania .. .. 20.1 27.2 27.2 30.5 23.9 29.8 31.4 39.0 39.8 36.5 31.9 28.3 27.2 26.5 27.1 .. ..
Andorra .. .. .. .. .. 10.0 16.0 24.4 27.5 26.0 18.6 9.6 8.0 11.3 12.5 17.8 15.3 10.4 ..
Azerbaijan 15.4 14.7 13.6 14.0 13.9 14.9 14.7 14.2 13.8 13.5 13.4 13.1 12.9 12.8 12.4 15.1 .. .. ..
Austria 11.0 9.8 9.4 8.5 10.7 9.5 8.9 9.4 9.7 10.3 10.6 11.2 9.8 9.4 8.5 10.5 11.0 9.5 10.4
Armenia 54.6 55.9 57.6 40.4 40.9 38.9 39.2 35.4 35.9 37.2 32.5 36.6 38.4 33.5 32.6 32.3 30.5 .. ..
Belgium 21.5 20.5 18.8 18.0 21.9 22.4 18.7 19.8 23.7 23.2 22.1 20.1 19.3 15.8 14.2 15.3 18.2 16.4 16.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina .. 62.3 58.4 47.5 48.7 57.7 57.9 63.1 59.1 62.7 62.3 54.3 45.8 38.8 33.8 36.6 35.1 .. ..
Bulgaria 22.3 19.5 15.1 12.7 16.2 21.9 25.0 28.1 28.4 23.8 21.6 17.2 12.9 12.7 8.9 14.2 15.8 10.6 12.1
Belarus .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 11.1 10.9 10.7 9.3 10.7 10.2 12.0 10.5 .. ..
Canada 12.4 11.7 11.2 11.6 15.4 14.9 14.3 14.4 13.7 13.5 13.2 13.1 11.6 11.1 11.0 20.2 13.5 .. ..
Croatia 32.3 28.9 25.2 23.7 25.2 32.4 36.7 42.1 50.0 45.5 42.3 31.3 27.4 23.7 16.6 21.1 21.9 18.0 19.0
Cyprus 13.9 10.0 10.2 9.0 13.8 16.6 22.4 27.7 38.9 36.0 32.8 29.1 24.7 20.2 16.6 18.2 17.1 18.6 16.9
Czechia 19.2 17.5 10.7 9.9 16.6 18.3 18.1 19.5 19.0 15.9 12.6 10.5 7.9 6.7 5.6 8.0 8.2 6.8 8.3
Denmark 8.6 7.7 7.5 9.5 13.5 15.6 16.4 15.8 14.8 14.2 12.2 12.2 12.4 10.5 10.1 11.6 10.8 10.6 11.5
Estonia 15.1 12.1 10.1 12.0 27.4 32.9 22.4 20.9 18.7 15.0 14.4 14.1 12.2 12.1 11.7 18.5 16.7 18.6 17.3
Finland 20.1 18.7 16.5 16.5 21.5 21.4 20.1 19.0 19.9 20.5 22.4 20.1 20.1 17.0 17.2 21.4 17.1 14.2 16.2
France 20.3 21.3 18.8 18.3 22.9 22.5 21.9 23.7 24.1 24.2 24.7 24.5 22.1 20.8 19.5 20.2 18.9 17.3 17.2
Georgia 31.2 33.4 38.8 37.5 40.7 37.9 39.8 36.1 38.9 34.8 33.8 33.2 28.9 29.9 30.4 39.4 42.9 .. ..
Germany 15.5 13.8 11.9 10.6 11.2 9.8 8.5 8.0 7.8 7.7 7.2 7.1 6.8 6.2 5.8 7.1 7.0 6.0 5.9
Greece 25.8 25.0 22.7 21.9 25.7 33.0 44.7 55.3 58.3 52.4 49.8 47.3 43.6 39.9 35.2 35.0 35.5 31.4 26.7
Hungary 19.4 19.1 18.0 19.5 26.4 26.4 26.0 28.2 26.6 20.4 17.3 12.9 10.7 10.2 11.4 12.8 13.5 10.6 12.8
Iceland 7.4 8.3 7.0 8.2 15.9 16.2 14.4 13.5 10.6 9.8 8.8 6.5 7.9 6.1 8.7 10.0 12.1 8.7 8.8
Ireland 8.6 8.6 9.2 13.5 24.5 28.1 29.6 30.8 26.7 23.4 20.2 16.8 14.4 13.8 12.5 15.3 14.6 10.1 10.7
Israel 17.8 18.2 16.0 12.6 14.6 13.7 11.6 12.1 10.5 10.6 9.3 8.6 7.3 7.2 6.7 7.9 7.8 .. ..
Italy 24.1 21.8 20.4 21.2 25.3 27.9 29.2 35.3 40.0 42.7 40.3 37.8 34.7 32.2 29.1 29.7 29.7 23.7 22.7
Kazakhstan 13.4 12.1 9.4 7.4 6.7 5.2 4.6 3.9 3.9 3.8 4.2 3.8 3.8 3.7 3.6 3.8 3.7 .. ..
Kyrgyzstan 14.5 14.6 13.2 14.8 16.8 16.7 16.6 17.6 13.4 14.0 15.0 15.5 14.8 12.4 12.8 11.4 11.7 .. ..
Latvia 15.1 13.6 10.6 13.6 33.3 36.2 31.0 28.5 23.2 19.6 16.3 17.3 17.0 12.2 12.4 14.9 14.8 15.3 12.3
Liechtenstein 8.8 6.4 5.3 3.0 3.7 3.7 4.3 4.2 4.3 4.7 4.7 4.3 3.0 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.3 .. ..
Lithuania 15.8 10.0 8.4 13.3 29.6 35.7 32.6 26.7 21.9 19.3 16.3 14.5 13.3 11.1 11.9 19.6 14.3 11.9 13.8
Luxembourg 13.7 16.2 15.2 17.9 17.2 14.2 16.8 18.8 15.5 22.6 17.3 18.9 15.4 14.2 17.0 23.2 16.9 17.6 18.8
Malta 16.1 15.5 13.5 11.7 14.5 13.2 13.3 13.8 12.7 11.7 11.6 10.7 10.6 9.4 10.1 11.5 9.9 9.0 9.1
Republic of Moldova 18.7 17.1 14.4 11.2 15.4 17.8 14.9 13.1 12.2 9.3 12.3 11.0 11.9 7.1 10.4 10.9 9.2 .. ..
Montenegro 58.1 59.5 38.3 30.5 35.6 45.5 36.6 42.2 40.5 35.8 37.6 35.9 31.7 29.4 25.2 36.0 .. .. ..
Netherlands 11.8 10.0 9.4 8.6 10.2 11.1 10.0 11.7 13.2 12.7 11.3 10.8 8.9 7.2 6.7 9.1 9.3 7.6 8.2
Norway 11.5 8.7 7.4 7.5 9.2 9.3 8.7 8.5 9.1 7.9 9.9 11.2 10.4 9.7 10.0 11.3 12.6 10.0 11.0
Poland 36.9 29.8 21.7 17.3 20.6 23.7 25.8 26.5 27.3 23.9 20.8 17.7 14.8 11.7 9.7 10.8 11.9 10.8 11.4
Portugal 16.2 16.5 16.7 16.7 20.3 22.8 30.3 37.9 38.1 34.8 32.0 28.0 23.9 20.3 18.3 22.5 23.5 19.1 20.3
Romania 20.2 21.4 20.1 18.6 20.8 22.1 23.9 22.6 23.7 24.0 21.7 20.6 18.3 16.2 16.8 17.3 21.0 22.8 21.8
Russian Federation 15.5 16.4 14.4 14.0 18.5 16.9 15.2 14.8 13.8 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
San Marino 4.8 4.1 3.9 5.4 6.8 7.0 8.3 9.3 10.4 10.4 9.8 9.0 7.8 8.0 7.8 6.3 4.3 .. ..
Serbia 47.7 47.8 43.7 35.2 41.6 46.3 50.9 51.2 49.4 47.3 43.2 34.9 31.9 29.7 27.5 26.6 26.4 24.4 25.1
Slovakia 30.1 26.6 20.3 19.0 27.3 33.6 33.4 34.0 33.7 29.7 26.5 22.2 18.9 14.9 16.1 19.3 20.6 19.9 19.8
Slovenia 15.9 13.9 10.1 10.4 13.6 14.7 15.7 20.6 21.6 20.2 16.3 15.2 11.2 8.8 8.1 14.2 12.8 10.1 9.9
Spain 19.6 17.9 18.1 24.5 37.7 41.5 46.2 52.9 55.5 53.2 48.3 44.4 38.6 34.3 32.5 38.3 35.0 29.7 28.7
Sweden 21.9 21.5 19.3 20.2 25.0 24.8 22.8 23.6 23.5 22.9 20.4 18.9 17.9 17.4 20.1 23.9 24.7 21.7 22.1
Switzerland 8.8 7.7 7.1 7.0 8.5 8.2 7.7 8.3 8.7 8.6 8.8 8.6 8.1 7.9 8.0 8.6 8.8 7.5 8.1
Tajikistan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 11.4 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Türkiye 19.9 16.4 17.2 18.5 22.8 19.7 16.7 15.7 16.9 17.8 18.5 19.5 20.5 20.3 25.4 25.3 22.6 .. ..
Ukraine 14.9 14.1 12.5 13.3 17.8 17.4 18.6 17.3 17.4 23.1 22.4 23.0 18.9 17.9 15.4 19.3 19.1 .. ..
North Macedonia 62.6 59.8 57.7 56.4 55.1 53.7 55.3 53.9 51.9 53.1 47.3 48.2 46.7 45.4 35.6 35.7 .. .. ..
United Kingdom 12.7 13.9 14.3 15.0 19.1 19.9 21.3 21.2 20.7 17.0 14.6 13.0 12.1 11.3 11.2 .. .. .. ..
United States 11.3 10.5 10.5 12.9 17.6 18.4 17.3 16.2 15.6 13.4 11.6 10.4 9.2 8.6 8.4 14.9 9.7 .. ..

Footnote:  
For youth unemployment rate footnotes click here.