Indicator 6.4.1 (a)
Change in water-use efficiency over time, total, United States dollars per cubic meter
Change in water use efficiency over time (CWUE): The change in the ratio of the value added to the volume of water use, over time. Water Use Efficiency (WUE) is defined as the value added of a given major sector1 divided by the volume of water used. Following the United Nations International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities ISIC 4 coding , sectors are defined as: 1. agriculture; forestry; fishing (ISIC A), hereinafter “agriculture”; 2. mining and quarrying; manufacturing; electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply; constructions (ISIC B, C, D and F), hereinafter “MIMEC”; 3. all the service sectors (ISIC E and ISIC G-T), hereinafter “services”.
Country | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 |
Albania | 6.5 | 6.8 | 7.1 | 7.3 | 7.6 | 7.9 | 9.6 | 10.0 | 8.4 | 10.1 | 8.7 | 12.1 |
Armenia | 3.0 | 3.4 | 2.9 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.8 | 2.6 | 2.7 | 3.3 | 3.6 | 3.7 | 3.5 |
Austria | 91.0 | 91.2 | 93.7 | 94.3 | 94.5 | 95.3 | 96.3 | 98.3 | 100.4 | 103.2 | 104.8 | 98.1 |
Azerbaijan | 3.7 | 3.8 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 4.0 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 3.6 |
Belarus | .. | .. | 29.4 | 29.8 | 31.0 | 30.3 | 31.4 | 30.2 | 32.0 | 33.1 | 34.9 | 35.4 |
Belgium | 62.2 | 67.7 | 73.4 | 78.7 | 84.8 | 93.3 | 102.9 | 100.6 | 95.9 | 100.6 | 102.8 | 97.5 |
Bulgaria | 6.3 | 6.7 | 6.3 | 7.1 | 7.3 | 7.5 | 7.4 | 7.6 | 7.8 | 8.5 | 8.8 | 9.0 |
Canada | 32.2 | 31.8 | 33.7 | 35.2 | 37.1 | 39.3 | 40.5 | 40.2 | 40.8 | 42.0 | 42.6 | 40.4 |
Croatia | 60.4 | 60.8 | 60.1 | 57.4 | 62.1 | 58.3 | 54.5 | 57.5 | 59.9 | 34.9 | 35.7 | 34.5 |
Cyprus | 99.9 | 91.8 | 85.2 | 72.0 | 67.0 | 59.6 | 58.2 | 58.1 | 64.7 | 71.0 | 78.4 | 74.9 |
Czechia | 80.4 | 84.5 | 88.0 | 83.2 | 92.3 | 95.3 | 103.3 | 103.3 | 109.3 | 116.1 | 126.7 | 132.5 |
Denmark | 367.6 | 337.3 | 329.7 | 342.5 | 299.7 | 310.3 | 320.4 | 302.9 | 307.9 | 254.6 | 304.8 | 288.4 |
Estonia | 11.6 | 8.9 | 9.3 | 11.1 | 10.6 | 11.0 | 12.1 | 11.3 | 11.8 | 13.7 | 22.7 | 26.3 |
Finland | 84.0 | 86.1 | 87.1 | 84.9 | 83.1 | 83.0 | 83.3 | 87.9 | 91.0 | 75.3 | 61.2 | 59.4 |
France | 71.2 | 71.9 | 69.4 | 74.8 | 77.8 | 78.0 | 76.4 | 82.2 | 82.1 | 83.5 | 87.3 | 80.6 |
Georgia | 5.0 | 5.5 | 6.0 | 6.5 | 6.8 | 7.2 | 7.6 | 7.9 | 9.6 | 10.7 | 9.3 | 8.3 |
Germany | 69.4 | 72.2 | 80.8 | 88.3 | 97.0 | 100.7 | 103.8 | 107.7 | 110.2 | 111.5 | 112.2 | 108.4 |
Greece | 23.1 | 21.4 | 19.1 | 17.4 | 17.1 | 17.1 | 17.0 | 16.4 | 16.5 | 16.7 | 17.0 | 15.6 |
Hungary | 17.1 | 17.6 | 18.2 | 18.1 | 20.4 | 23.0 | 23.4 | 23.9 | 24.2 | 24.4 | 27.5 | 24.5 |
Iceland | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 51.5 | 53.3 | 61.0 | 59.3 | 62.4 | 64.2 | 60.2 |
Ireland | 242.7 | 204.4 | 200.5 | 197.0 | 191.5 | 197.9 | 251.6 | 247.3 | 224.2 | 215.1 | 224.8 | 236.2 |
Israel | 113.4 | 114.1 | 117.7 | 119.3 | 122.2 | 124.7 | 125.9 | 123.8 | 126.5 | 133.6 | 136.5 | 134.2 |
Italy | 49.3 | 49.8 | 49.9 | 48.2 | 47.3 | 47.3 | 47.6 | 48.3 | 49.3 | 49.9 | 49.9 | 45.6 |
Kazakhstan | 5.9 | 5.7 | 6.2 | 6.8 | 6.8 | 7.0 | 7.7 | 7.0 | 7.1 | 7.7 | 8.0 | 7.4 |
Kyrgyzstan | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 |
Latvia | 88.9 | 80.2 | 79.5 | 82.5 | 88.2 | 131.8 | 130.4 | 126.3 | 137.3 | 136.0 | 142.9 | 135.6 |
Lithuania | 23.2 | 27.5 | 35.3 | 46.8 | 67.5 | 98.8 | 91.2 | 119.8 | 147.6 | 157.5 | 163.8 | 163.7 |
Luxembourg | 992.2 | 1021.9 | 1007.3 | 1112.9 | 1186.8 | 1146.2 | 1223.3 | 1294.9 | 1273.1 | 1131.1 | 1236.0 | 1190.0 |
Malta | 177.3 | 187.4 | 187.0 | 196.2 | 181.1 | 138.0 | 157.2 | 159.5 | 170.0 | 186.1 | 200.4 | 185.8 |
Montenegro | .. | 17.5 | 18.0 | 17.7 | 17.8 | 17.8 | 18.8 | 19.6 | 20.4 | 21.5 | 22.3 | 18.9 |
Netherlands | 59.6 | 59.7 | 61.2 | 61.5 | 66.6 | 74.6 | 80.6 | 85.8 | 89.6 | 90.1 | 88.1 | 86.0 |
North Macedonia | 9.0 | 9.5 | 10.9 | 4.3 | 15.1 | 14.5 | 18.2 | 7.9 | 19.3 | 3.9 | 5.3 | 17.6 |
Norway | 108.9 | 110.6 | 113.9 | 119.0 | 118.9 | 119.9 | 124.4 | 127.3 | 128.6 | 130.7 | 131.5 | 129.6 |
Poland | 29.8 | 32.4 | 34.0 | 32.7 | 35.4 | 36.8 | 39.3 | 40.0 | 43.6 | 46.3 | 49.5 | 51.6 |
Portugal | 21.5 | 22.4 | 22.7 | 22.6 | 23.3 | 24.3 | 25.7 | 27.2 | 29.1 | 30.8 | 30.9 | 28.5 |
Republic of Moldova | 5.0 | 5.2 | 5.6 | 5.9 | 6.5 | 7.1 | 7.2 | 7.5 | 7.8 | 8.2 | 8.6 | 8.4 |
Romania | 19.9 | 20.9 | 19.5 | 20.6 | 21.5 | 23.1 | 23.0 | 25.0 | 25.5 | 28.1 | 29.3 | 28.5 |
Russian Federation | 15.9 | 16.8 | 17.6 | 18.5 | 19.1 | 16.5 | 18.8 | 18.2 | 18.8 | 19.0 | 19.5 | 18.9 |
Serbia | .. | .. | .. | 7.8 | 7.4 | 7.6 | 6.5 | 6.7 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.3 | 6.5 |
Slovakia | 107.5 | 120.1 | 123.5 | 109.0 | 143.5 | 131.8 | 140.9 | 148.4 | 146.4 | 151.7 | 155.6 | 149.9 |
Slovenia | .. | 38.3 | 38.5 | 37.9 | 30.0 | 36.3 | 40.5 | 42.4 | 42.6 | 43.0 | 45.5 | 41.4 |
Spain | 30.4 | 30.6 | 30.6 | 28.4 | 31.4 | 31.3 | 33.7 | 35.0 | 37.4 | 39.0 | 40.3 | 36.2 |
Sweden | 139.3 | 146.2 | 155.1 | 158.3 | 164.4 | 173.5 | 186.1 | 194.4 | 204.9 | 214.8 | 224.5 | 187.9 |
Switzerland | .. | .. | .. | 317.8 | 377.3 | 390.1 | 389.9 | 398.6 | 405.0 | 409.6 | 415.0 | 404.8 |
Tajikistan | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.0 |
Türkiye | 11.0 | 11.3 | 11.9 | 12.3 | 12.7 | 13.3 | 12.9 | 12.9 | 14.1 | 14.3 | 13.8 | 13.8 |
Turkmenistan | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 1.2 |
Ukraine | 5.5 | 5.6 | 6.0 | 6.5 | 6.9 | 6.8 | 6.9 | 6.9 | 6.4 | 6.6 | 7.1 | 7.6 |
United Kingdom | 293.1 | 297.2 | 312.2 | 296.8 | 328.4 | 358.7 | 321.3 | 318.4 | 325.4 | 331.0 | 336.8 | 307.6 |
United States | 31.6 | 33.5 | 34.5 | 36.0 | 37.2 | 38.8 | 40.7 | 41.4 | 42.3 | 43.5 | 44.6 | 43.0 |
Uzbekistan | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.6 |
Country | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 |
Albania | 6.5 | 6.8 | 7.1 | 7.3 | 7.6 | 7.9 | 9.6 | 10.0 | 8.4 | 10.1 | 8.7 | 12.1 |
Armenia | 3.0 | 3.4 | 2.9 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.8 | 2.6 | 2.7 | 3.3 | 3.6 | 3.7 | 3.5 |
Austria | 91.0 | 91.2 | 93.7 | 94.3 | 94.5 | 95.3 | 96.3 | 98.3 | 100.4 | 103.2 | 104.8 | 98.1 |
Azerbaijan | 3.7 | 3.8 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 4.0 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 3.6 |
Belarus | .. | .. | 29.4 | 29.8 | 31.0 | 30.3 | 31.4 | 30.2 | 32.0 | 33.1 | 34.9 | 35.4 |
Belgium | 62.2 | 67.7 | 73.4 | 78.7 | 84.8 | 93.3 | 102.9 | 100.6 | 95.9 | 100.6 | 102.8 | 97.5 |
Bulgaria | 6.3 | 6.7 | 6.3 | 7.1 | 7.3 | 7.5 | 7.4 | 7.6 | 7.8 | 8.5 | 8.8 | 9.0 |
Canada | 32.2 | 31.8 | 33.7 | 35.2 | 37.1 | 39.3 | 40.5 | 40.2 | 40.8 | 42.0 | 42.6 | 40.4 |
Croatia | 60.4 | 60.8 | 60.1 | 57.4 | 62.1 | 58.3 | 54.5 | 57.5 | 59.9 | 34.9 | 35.7 | 34.5 |
Cyprus | 99.9 | 91.8 | 85.2 | 72.0 | 67.0 | 59.6 | 58.2 | 58.1 | 64.7 | 71.0 | 78.4 | 74.9 |
Czechia | 80.4 | 84.5 | 88.0 | 83.2 | 92.3 | 95.3 | 103.3 | 103.3 | 109.3 | 116.1 | 126.7 | 132.5 |
Denmark | 367.6 | 337.3 | 329.7 | 342.5 | 299.7 | 310.3 | 320.4 | 302.9 | 307.9 | 254.6 | 304.8 | 288.4 |
Estonia | 11.6 | 8.9 | 9.3 | 11.1 | 10.6 | 11.0 | 12.1 | 11.3 | 11.8 | 13.7 | 22.7 | 26.3 |
Finland | 84.0 | 86.1 | 87.1 | 84.9 | 83.1 | 83.0 | 83.3 | 87.9 | 91.0 | 75.3 | 61.2 | 59.4 |
France | 71.2 | 71.9 | 69.4 | 74.8 | 77.8 | 78.0 | 76.4 | 82.2 | 82.1 | 83.5 | 87.3 | 80.6 |
Georgia | 5.0 | 5.5 | 6.0 | 6.5 | 6.8 | 7.2 | 7.6 | 7.9 | 9.6 | 10.7 | 9.3 | 8.3 |
Germany | 69.4 | 72.2 | 80.8 | 88.3 | 97.0 | 100.7 | 103.8 | 107.7 | 110.2 | 111.5 | 112.2 | 108.4 |
Greece | 23.1 | 21.4 | 19.1 | 17.4 | 17.1 | 17.1 | 17.0 | 16.4 | 16.5 | 16.7 | 17.0 | 15.6 |
Hungary | 17.1 | 17.6 | 18.2 | 18.1 | 20.4 | 23.0 | 23.4 | 23.9 | 24.2 | 24.4 | 27.5 | 24.5 |
Iceland | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 51.5 | 53.3 | 61.0 | 59.3 | 62.4 | 64.2 | 60.2 |
Ireland | 242.7 | 204.4 | 200.5 | 197.0 | 191.5 | 197.9 | 251.6 | 247.3 | 224.2 | 215.1 | 224.8 | 236.2 |
Israel | 113.4 | 114.1 | 117.7 | 119.3 | 122.2 | 124.7 | 125.9 | 123.8 | 126.5 | 133.6 | 136.5 | 134.2 |
Italy | 49.3 | 49.8 | 49.9 | 48.2 | 47.3 | 47.3 | 47.6 | 48.3 | 49.3 | 49.9 | 49.9 | 45.6 |
Kazakhstan | 5.9 | 5.7 | 6.2 | 6.8 | 6.8 | 7.0 | 7.7 | 7.0 | 7.1 | 7.7 | 8.0 | 7.4 |
Kyrgyzstan | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 |
Latvia | 88.9 | 80.2 | 79.5 | 82.5 | 88.2 | 131.8 | 130.4 | 126.3 | 137.3 | 136.0 | 142.9 | 135.6 |
Lithuania | 23.2 | 27.5 | 35.3 | 46.8 | 67.5 | 98.8 | 91.2 | 119.8 | 147.6 | 157.5 | 163.8 | 163.7 |
Luxembourg | 992.2 | 1021.9 | 1007.3 | 1112.9 | 1186.8 | 1146.2 | 1223.3 | 1294.9 | 1273.1 | 1131.1 | 1236.0 | 1190.0 |
Malta | 177.3 | 187.4 | 187.0 | 196.2 | 181.1 | 138.0 | 157.2 | 159.5 | 170.0 | 186.1 | 200.4 | 185.8 |
Montenegro | .. | 17.5 | 18.0 | 17.7 | 17.8 | 17.8 | 18.8 | 19.6 | 20.4 | 21.5 | 22.3 | 18.9 |
Netherlands | 59.6 | 59.7 | 61.2 | 61.5 | 66.6 | 74.6 | 80.6 | 85.8 | 89.6 | 90.1 | 88.1 | 86.0 |
North Macedonia | 9.0 | 9.5 | 10.9 | 4.3 | 15.1 | 14.5 | 18.2 | 7.9 | 19.3 | 3.9 | 5.3 | 17.6 |
Norway | 108.9 | 110.6 | 113.9 | 119.0 | 118.9 | 119.9 | 124.4 | 127.3 | 128.6 | 130.7 | 131.5 | 129.6 |
Poland | 29.8 | 32.4 | 34.0 | 32.7 | 35.4 | 36.8 | 39.3 | 40.0 | 43.6 | 46.3 | 49.5 | 51.6 |
Portugal | 21.5 | 22.4 | 22.7 | 22.6 | 23.3 | 24.3 | 25.7 | 27.2 | 29.1 | 30.8 | 30.9 | 28.5 |
Republic of Moldova | 5.0 | 5.2 | 5.6 | 5.9 | 6.5 | 7.1 | 7.2 | 7.5 | 7.8 | 8.2 | 8.6 | 8.4 |
Romania | 19.9 | 20.9 | 19.5 | 20.6 | 21.5 | 23.1 | 23.0 | 25.0 | 25.5 | 28.1 | 29.3 | 28.5 |
Russian Federation | 15.9 | 16.8 | 17.6 | 18.5 | 19.1 | 16.5 | 18.8 | 18.2 | 18.8 | 19.0 | 19.5 | 18.9 |
Serbia | .. | .. | .. | 7.8 | 7.4 | 7.6 | 6.5 | 6.7 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.3 | 6.5 |
Slovakia | 107.5 | 120.1 | 123.5 | 109.0 | 143.5 | 131.8 | 140.9 | 148.4 | 146.4 | 151.7 | 155.6 | 149.9 |
Slovenia | .. | 38.3 | 38.5 | 37.9 | 30.0 | 36.3 | 40.5 | 42.4 | 42.6 | 43.0 | 45.5 | 41.4 |
Spain | 30.4 | 30.6 | 30.6 | 28.4 | 31.4 | 31.3 | 33.7 | 35.0 | 37.4 | 39.0 | 40.3 | 36.2 |
Sweden | 139.3 | 146.2 | 155.1 | 158.3 | 164.4 | 173.5 | 186.1 | 194.4 | 204.9 | 214.8 | 224.5 | 187.9 |
Switzerland | .. | .. | .. | 317.8 | 377.3 | 390.1 | 389.9 | 398.6 | 405.0 | 409.6 | 415.0 | 404.8 |
Tajikistan | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.0 |
Türkiye | 11.0 | 11.3 | 11.9 | 12.3 | 12.7 | 13.3 | 12.9 | 12.9 | 14.1 | 14.3 | 13.8 | 13.8 |
Turkmenistan | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 1.2 |
Ukraine | 5.5 | 5.6 | 6.0 | 6.5 | 6.9 | 6.8 | 6.9 | 6.9 | 6.4 | 6.6 | 7.1 | 7.6 |
United Kingdom | 293.1 | 297.2 | 312.2 | 296.8 | 328.4 | 358.7 | 321.3 | 318.4 | 325.4 | 331.0 | 336.8 | 307.6 |
United States | 31.6 | 33.5 | 34.5 | 36.0 | 37.2 | 38.8 | 40.7 | 41.4 | 42.3 | 43.5 | 44.6 | 43.0 |
Uzbekistan | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.6 |