Indicator 6.4.1 (b)
Change in water-use efficiency over time, agriculture, United States dollars per cubic meter
Change in water use efficiency over time (CWUE): The change in the ratio of the value added to the volume of water use, over time. Water Use Efficiency (WUE) is defined as the value added of a given major sector1 divided by the volume of water used. Following the United Nations International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities ISIC 4 coding , sectors are defined as: 1. agriculture; forestry; fishing (ISIC A), hereinafter “agriculture”; 2. mining and quarrying; manufacturing; electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply; constructions (ISIC B, C, D and F), hereinafter “MIMEC”; 3. all the service sectors (ISIC E and ISIC G-T), hereinafter “services”.
Country | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 |
Albania | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.7 | 1.7 |
Armenia | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
Austria | 2.2 | 1.9 | 2.7 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 2.7 | 2.2 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.9 |
Azerbaijan | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
Belarus | .. | .. | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
Belgium | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.3 |
Bulgaria | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 |
Canada | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.3 |
Croatia | 4.2 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 |
Cyprus | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
Czechia | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.6 |
Denmark | 2.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 4.6 | 1.9 | 1.6 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 1.3 | 0.8 | 1.7 | 1.4 | 0.9 |
Estonia | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 |
Finland | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
France | 1.3 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 2.2 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.7 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 2.0 |
Georgia | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.3 |
Germany | 1.2 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 1.7 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 2.2 | 1.5 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 2.1 |
Greece | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
Hungary | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 |
Iceland | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 1.3 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.9 |
Ireland | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Israel | 2.7 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 2.6 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.1 |
Italy | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.9 |
Kazakhstan | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
Kyrgyzstan | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
Latvia | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Lithuania | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
Luxembourg | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | .. |
Malta | 2.9 | 2.3 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 2.3 | 3.2 |
Montenegro | .. | 3.8 | 4.1 | 3.7 | 4.1 | 4.2 | 4.3 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 3.8 |
Netherlands | 30.2 | 22.5 | 19.0 | 35.7 | 19.4 | 28.3 | 25.1 | 21.6 | 26.7 | 18.4 | 19.7 | 20.1 | 25.1 |
North Macedonia | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 1.6 | 1.3 | 1.9 | 1.3 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.5 |
Norway | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.3 |
Poland | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
Portugal | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 |
Republic of Moldova | 0.3 | 0.4 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 2.4 | 3.1 | 3.3 | 4.0 | 4.4 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 2.5 | 3.4 |
Romania | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 |
Russian Federation | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
Serbia | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
Slovakia | 2.0 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 1.7 | 2.8 | 1.9 | 2.3 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 1.7 |
Slovenia | .. | 13.0 | 6.4 | 6.6 | 3.4 | 6.0 | 4.5 | 4.7 | 4.1 | 7.0 | 6.7 | 8.5 | 9.1 |
Spain | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
Sweden | 2.4 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 3.1 | 3.5 | 3.2 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3.7 | 3.5 | 3.6 |
Switzerland | .. | 4.2 | 4.4 | 4.2 | 4.7 | 5.5 | 5.2 | 5.8 | 5.6 | 5.9 | 6.0 | 6.3 | 6.0 |
Tajikistan | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
Türkiye | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
Turkmenistan | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
Ukraine | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
United Kingdom | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.9 |
United States | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
Uzbekistan | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 |
Country | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 |
Albania | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.7 | 1.7 |
Armenia | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
Austria | 2.2 | 1.9 | 2.7 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 2.7 | 2.2 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.9 |
Azerbaijan | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
Belarus | .. | .. | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
Belgium | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.3 |
Bulgaria | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 |
Canada | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.3 |
Croatia | 4.2 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 |
Cyprus | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
Czechia | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.6 |
Denmark | 2.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 4.6 | 1.9 | 1.6 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 1.3 | 0.8 | 1.7 | 1.4 | 0.9 |
Estonia | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 |
Finland | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
France | 1.3 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 2.2 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.7 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 2.0 |
Georgia | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.3 |
Germany | 1.2 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 1.7 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 2.2 | 1.5 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 2.1 |
Greece | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
Hungary | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 |
Iceland | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 1.3 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.9 |
Ireland | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Israel | 2.7 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 2.6 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.1 |
Italy | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.9 |
Kazakhstan | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
Kyrgyzstan | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
Latvia | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Lithuania | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
Luxembourg | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | .. |
Malta | 2.9 | 2.3 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 2.3 | 3.2 |
Montenegro | .. | 3.8 | 4.1 | 3.7 | 4.1 | 4.2 | 4.3 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 3.8 |
Netherlands | 30.2 | 22.5 | 19.0 | 35.7 | 19.4 | 28.3 | 25.1 | 21.6 | 26.7 | 18.4 | 19.7 | 20.1 | 25.1 |
North Macedonia | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 1.6 | 1.3 | 1.9 | 1.3 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.5 |
Norway | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.3 |
Poland | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
Portugal | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 |
Republic of Moldova | 0.3 | 0.4 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 2.4 | 3.1 | 3.3 | 4.0 | 4.4 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 2.5 | 3.4 |
Romania | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 |
Russian Federation | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
Serbia | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
Slovakia | 2.0 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 1.7 | 2.8 | 1.9 | 2.3 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 1.7 |
Slovenia | .. | 13.0 | 6.4 | 6.6 | 3.4 | 6.0 | 4.5 | 4.7 | 4.1 | 7.0 | 6.7 | 8.5 | 9.1 |
Spain | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
Sweden | 2.4 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 3.1 | 3.5 | 3.2 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3.7 | 3.5 | 3.6 |
Switzerland | .. | 4.2 | 4.4 | 4.2 | 4.7 | 5.5 | 5.2 | 5.8 | 5.6 | 5.9 | 6.0 | 6.3 | 6.0 |
Tajikistan | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
Türkiye | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
Turkmenistan | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
Ukraine | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
United Kingdom | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.9 |
United States | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
Uzbekistan | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 |